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Introduction
In the 1990s, people’s attention to the environmental issues of automotive products has increased significantly. To reduce the environmental damage caused by automotive products, and to protect the environment and resources, and to conserve energy, various countries or regions have formulated various environmental laws and regulations. Strengthen the management of the recycling of end-of-life vehicles, increase the indicators for the recycling rate of end-of-life vehicles, effectively reduce the impact of end-of-life vehicles on the environment, and achieve sustainable growth in the automotive industry. How to deal with end-of-life automobiles in an environmentally friendly and economical way to promote the sustainable development of the automotive industry has become a hot spot for the automotive industry worldwide. At the same time, various regulations concerning waste management have also become increasingly stringent.
On October 24, 2000, the European Union officially promulgated the ELV scrap vehicle directive 2000/53/EC. EU member states had already converted the regulations into their respective national laws before April 21, 2000. The scope of the directive covers automotive, automotive waste, and automotive parts and materials. According to the directive, EU member states should ensure that the four heavy metal content of vehicles entering the market from July 1, 2003, must not exceed the concentration limits stipulated in 2002/525/EC, that is, lead, mercury contained in uniform materials. For hexavalent chromium, the maximum concentration limit must not exceed 0.1%. For cadmium contained, the maximum concentration limit must not exceed 0.01%.
On February 6, 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the State Environmental Protection Administration jointly promulgated the "Automobile Product Recycling Technology Policy" (abbreviated as China ELV), explicitly requesting that automotive product recycling utilization indicators be incorporated into automotive products. The market access permit management system requires that starting from 2008, China's auto production or sales companies should begin to register and record the recyclable utilization of auto products, and make technical preparations for the implementation phase. Starting from 2010, China's automobile companies or import vehicle general agents are responsible for recycling their sales of automotive products and packaging items. Vehicles are designed to prohibit the use of toxic substances and materials that damage the environment, reduce and eventually stop the use of non-recyclable materials and materials that are not conducive to environmental protection of automobiles, and restrict the use of lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), and polybrominated biphenyls. PBDE and other harmful substances.
ELV main requirements
Limits the amount and use of hazardous substances in all automotive parts and materials
1. Reduce the use of hazardous substances in the vehicle design process
2. After July 1, 2003, vehicles in the market are guaranteed not to contain Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr (VI), and the components are forbidden in all parts and materials;
3. Cadmium (Cd) ≤ 100ppm (0.01%)
4. Mercury (Hg) ≤ 1000ppm (0.1%)
5. Lead (Pb) ≤ 1000ppm (0.1%)
6. CrVI ≤ 1000ppm (0.1%)
7. PBB PBB ≤1000ppm (0.1%)
8. PBDE PBDE ≤1000ppm (0.1%)